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About this document
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- 37 pages
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- Computer Science, Telecommunications
This document covers the Domain Name System (DNS) and how it translates hostnames into IP addresses. It explains the DNS hierarchy, organization, and how DNS clients and servers communicate. It is useful for understanding how DNS works and how to use it in network programming.
What's inside
- Introduction to address conversion functions and the Domain Name System
- DNS hierarchy and hostnames
- DNS organization and distributed database
- DNS clients and servers
- DNS message format and communication
- DNS library functions and error handling
Who it is for: Students taking a networking or computer science course. (Undergraduate)
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Summary
The Domain Name System (DNS) translates host names into IP addresses. It explains how DNS works and how to use it.
Hostnames and IP Addresses
IP addresses are hard for humans to remember. DNS translates host names into IP addresses. Domain names are hierarchical, unique and easy to remember.
DNS Structure and Organization
DNS is a distributed database. The organization owning a domain name runs a DNS server. There is one primary server and several secondary servers for each domain.
DNS Clients and Servers
DNS clients are called resolvers. They handle requests for their domain directly and contact remote DNS servers for other domains. Servers cache external mappings.
DNS Library Functions
There is a library of functions that act as DNS clients. These functions include gethostbyname and gethostbyaddr. They return a hostent structure with address information.
Key terms
- Domain Name System
- A system that translates host names into IP addresses.
- Hostname
- A name given to a device on a network.
- IP Address
- A numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network.
- Resolver
- A DNS client that handles requests for domain name translations.
- gethostbyname
- A function that returns a hostent structure with address information for a given hostname.
- hostent
- A structure that contains information about a host, including its IP addresses.
Questions this document helps with
- How does DNS translate host names into IP addresses?
- What is the structure of a domain name?
- How do DNS clients and servers communicate?
Summary written with AI from the document's text.
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