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About this document
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- 4 pages
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- $4 one-time, yours to keep
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- Format
- Subject
- Corrections, Criminal Justice
- Module
- CJA 394
This paper discusses the evolution of sentencing and corrections philosophies over the past 30 years, focusing on retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. It explores the current ‘get tough on crime’ perspective and its impact on prison populations. The paper is for the CJA 394 module.
What's inside
- Changes in sentencing and corrections philosophies
- Four major goals of current sentencing practices
- The 'get tough on crime' perspective and its impact
- The future of corrections and community corrections
- Retribution philosophy and its limitations
- Deterrence theory and its potential to backfire
Who it is for: Students taking the CJA 394 module. (Undergraduate)
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Summary
Sentencing and corrections have changed much in the past 30 years. Four main goals guide current sentencing practices. A shift towards treatment and community corrections is likely in the future.
Sentencing and corrections
Sentencing and corrections have changed much in the past 30 years. Sentencing practices have shifted from rehabilitation to fairness and justice, then to crime control. Sentencing practices today focus on four main goals.
Goals of sentencing
The four main goals are retribution, deterrence, incapacitation and rehabilitation. Retribution means punishing offenders for breaking the law. Deterrence aims to prevent crime by making offenders aware of the consequences. Incapacitation seeks to prevent crime by isolating offenders from society. Rehabilitation aims to reduce recidivism by addressing the causes of criminal behavior.
Future of corrections
Looking ahead, a shift towards treatment and community corrections is likely. This shift is expected due to growing prison populations and the increasing number of minority groups in the justice system.
Retribution
Retribution is based on the idea that offenders deserve punishment for breaking the law. It is not effective on its own in reducing recidivism. Every punishment, from fines to prison, has some feature of retribution.
Key terms
- Retribution
- Punishing offenders for breaking the law and violating society’s norms.
- Deterrence
- Preventing crime by making offenders aware of the consequences.
- Incapacitation
- Preventing crime by isolating offenders from society, usually through imprisonment.
- Rehabilitation
- Reducing recidivism by addressing the causes of criminal behavior.
- Community corrections
- Programs that aim to rehabilitate offenders in the community rather than in prison.
- Selective incapacitation
- Identifying offenders whose incapacitation would best serve society.
Questions this document helps with
- What are the four main goals of sentencing?
- How have sentencing practices changed?
- What is the likely future of corrections?
Summary written with AI from the document's text.
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